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| Paper IPM / Physic / 6685 |
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The tunneling rate, with exact prefactor, is calculated to first order in
h for an empty closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe with
decaying cosmological term Λ ∼ R−m (R is the scale factor
and m is a parameter 0 ≤ m ≤ 2). This model is equivalent to a
cosmology with the equation of state pχ=(m/3−1)ρχ. The
calculations are performed by applying the diluteinstanton approximation
on the corresponding Duru-Kleinert path integral. It is shown that the
highest tunneling rate occurs for m=2 corresponding to the cosmic
string matter universe. The obtained most probable cosmological term,
like one obtained by Strominger, accounts for a possible solution to the
cosmological constant problem.
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